The gymnasial matura requires a structured curriculum built around nine educational areas, a specific subject of the student's choice, and an interdisciplinary matura thesis.
The MRRO defines nine areas to which all students must be exposed, regardless of their school or canton. Each area includes one or more compulsory subjects.
The language of instruction (French in French-speaking Switzerland, German, Italian or Romansh depending on the canton). Literature, written and oral expression are all covered.
A second official Swiss language. The aim: to ensure national cohesion and linguistic mobility across regions.
Usually English in most gymnasiums. May also be another national language, Spanish or Latin depending on the school.
Algebra, geometry, calculus and probability. Mathematics carries a high weighting in the graduation conditions.
Biology, chemistry and physics, taught as separate subjects with a logical progression towards advanced content in the final years.
History and geography, sometimes complemented by economics and law depending on the canton. Training in the analysis of societies and territories.
One artistic subject of the student's choice. Develops aesthetic sensitivity and non-verbal expression.
Compulsory throughout the programme. Physical education builds teamwork, endurance and wellbeing. It does not count towards the matura grade.
A subject chosen from a defined list — see below. It allows in-depth study of an area aligned with the student's interests and academic plans.
The specific subject is the centrepiece of the gymnasium programme. Each student chooses one at the start of their studies and it accompanies the entire curriculum, carrying a high number of hours and a significant weighting. It often points towards university studies in the same field.
Some gymnasiums also offer a complementary subject, an additional elective for deeper study. It is not compulsory everywhere, but can significantly enrich an academic profile.
* The exact list varies by canton and school.
The matura thesis is one of the most distinctive and formative elements of the gymnasium programme. Each student produces an in-depth research project on a topic of their choice, either individually or in pairs.
The thesis introduces students to academic methodology: formulating a research question, conducting research, building arguments, synthesising findings and communicating results. It is often the student's first serious research experience — and universities know it.
The average grade across all subjects must be at least 4.0 out of 6.0 to be awarded the matura certificate.
A maximum of three grades below 4.0 are permitted. Beyond this, the certificate is not awarded regardless of the overall average.
The total sum of points missing from 4.0 (across all failing grades) must remain below 2 points.
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